A Bibliometric Analysis of Internet of Things (IoT) Applications in Dairy Farming

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the development of studies related to the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in dairy farming using a bibliometric approach. Data were obtained from Google Scholar using the Publish or Perish application with relevant keywords and a publication period from 2016 to 2025. A total of 200 initial articles were selected using Mendeley Reference Manager, resulting in 187 documents that were analyzed using VOSviewer. The research results show that the number of publications has significantly increased, peaking in the 2020–2021 period, and then tending to stabilize until 2025. Citation analysis indicates that the research is dominated by the topic of livestock farming digitalization, such as IoT, smart farming, and precision livestock farming. Co-word visualization shows a shift in research focus from production aspects to the utilization of digital technologies such as sensors, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. However, IoT has not yet become the main focus and is still often studied separately from other technologies. Therefore, future research needs to focus on the integration of IoT with other digital technologies in a more comprehensive smart dairy farming system, supported by improvements in infrastructure and digital literacy among farmers.